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Item Preliminary report of in vitro and in vivo effectiveness of dornase alfa on SARS-CoV-2 infection(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2020-01-01) Okur, H. K.; Yalcin, K.; Tastan, C.; Demir, S.; Yurtsever, B.; Karakus, G. S.; Kancagi, D. D.; Abanuz, S.; Seyis, U.; Zengin, R.; Hemsinlioglu, C.; Kara, M.; Yildiz, M. E.; Deliceo, E.; Birgen, N.; Pelit, N. B.; Cuhadaroglu, C.; Kocagoz, A. S.; Ovali, E.Dornase alfa, the recombinant form of the human DNase I enzyme, breaks down neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) that include a vast amount of DNA fragments, histones, microbicidal proteins and oxidant enzymes released from necrotic neutrophils in the highly viscous mucus of cystic fibrosis patients. Dornase alfa has been used for decades in patients with cystic fibrosis to reduce the viscoelasticity of respiratory tract secretions, to decrease the severity of respiratory tract infections, and to improve lung function. Previous studies have linked abnormal NET formations to lung diseases, especially to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). It is well known that novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia progresses to ARDS and even multiple organ failure. High blood neutrophil levels are an early indicator of COVID-19 and predict severe respiratory diseases. Also it is reported that mucus structure in COVID-19 is very similar to that in cystic fibrosis due to the accumulation of excessive NET in the lungs. In this study, we showed the recovery of three individuals with COVID-19 after including dornase alfa in their treatment. We followed clinical improvement in the radiological analysis (two of three cases), oxygen saturation (SpO(2)), respiratory rate, disappearance of dyspnoea, coughing and a decrease in NET formation and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral load after the treatment. Also here, we share our preliminary results suggesting that dornase alfa has an anti-viral effect against SARS-CoV-2 infection in a green monkey kidney cell line, Vero, and a bovine kidney cell line, MDBK, without determined cytotoxicity on healthy peripheral blood mononuclear cells. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.Item BURDEN OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN ADULTS OVER 18 YEARS OF AGE(ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2015-01-01) Cuhadaroglu, C.; Alici, D. E.; Hacibedel, B.; Saribas, G.; Kosar, F.Item Cigarette Smoking Increases Pregnancy-associated Plasma Protein-A in Men(UNIV WEST INDIES FACULTY MEDICAL SCIENCES, 2017-01-01) Coskun, A.; Bulut, I.; Serteser, M.; Eren, A.; Ozseker, Z. F.; Cuhadaroglu, C.; Aksungar, F. B.; Ozpinar, A.; Can, O.; Yakar I, H.; Unsal, I.Objective: Elevation of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), a pro-atherosclerotic molecule, has been shown to be an independent risk factor for acute coronary syndrome. Smoking is also an important risk factor for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, the molecular mechanism of this relationship is not clear. In the present study, we aimed to determine the association between smoking and serum PAPP-A levels in men and non-pregnant women. Method: The study population consisted of 112 smokers and 58 age-matched non-smoking healthy subjects as a control group. Blood samples were drawn from the antecubital vein of all subjects and serum PAPP-A levels were measured using an ELISA kit (ultrasensitive ELISA). Results: The serum PAPP-A level was significantly high in male smokers (smokers: 9.11 ng/mL (3.10 ng/mL, 18.55 ng/mL))