Antibiotic Resistance Results of Helicobacter pylori in a University Hospital: Comparison of the Hybridization Test and Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Abstract

Aim. H. pylori is a bacterial pathogen in the human stomach which infects about 50\% of the world population. Untreated infection can lead to various diseases leading to cancer. Some of the H. pylori strains are asymptomatic, but some of them cause more severe diseases. Standard treatment protocol used for the treatment of H. pylori infection is triple therapy, which includes omeprazole as a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and two antibiotics usually consist of amoxicillin and clarithromycin or metronidazole. In the recent years, because of the increase in the rate of antibiotic resistance, the eradication rate has decreased. Materials and Methods. We evaluated 140 patients who applied to a university hospital gastroenterology department and underwent biopsy during endoscopy. In these patients, we analysed floroquinolone and clarithromycin resistance using the GenoType (R) HelicoDR (Hain Life Science, Germany). We also used the real-time method for clarithromycin resistance. Results. We found the number and rate of floroquinolone resistance as 20 (25.6\%) and clarithromycine resistance as 31 (39.7\%). With the real-time PCR method, we detected clarithromycine resistance in 26 (33.3\%) patients. These results were not statistically significant. Discussion and Conclusion. Our results show similarity to the other studies held in our country. There should be more studies for the policy of eradication through our country.