Surgery for Intestinal Crohn's Disease: Results of a multidisciplinary approach

Abstract

Objectives: Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that requires lifelong multidisciplinary management. Seventy percent of patients affected by Crohn's disease will require at least one surgical procedure over their lifetime. The aim of this retrospective study was to present our series of patients suffering from Crohn's disease who were scheduled for surgery by a multidisciplinary team. Material and methods: The data were retrieved from a review of 950 patients with Crohn's disease treated at our institution between March 2000 and March 2016. Only patients with intestinal Crohn's disease were included into the study. A multidisciplinary team assessed the decision to perform surgery. Results: There were 203 patients who underwent surgery included in this study. One hundred and sixty-six were intestinal and 37 were perianal Crohn's disease. The mean age was 36 +/- 11.5 (range, 12-75) years. Ninety-two were stricturing, 45 were fistulizing, and 12 were inflammatory. The most commonly affected site was the ileocecal region (n=109, 65.7\%), and the most common surgical procedure was the ileocecal resection (n=109, 65.6\%). Laparoscopic approach was the procedure of choice in 56 (33.7\%) patients. Of the patients enrolled, the most common early (<30 days) complications observed were the wound infection as the first (n=11) and anastomotic leak as the second (n=10). The mortality rate was 2.4\% (n=4). Conclusion: Multidisciplinary approach to Crohn's disease may decrease the surgical complications and recurrence rates leading to a better treatment.