Au/Co3O4 nanoparticle-modified electrochemical sensor for the selective and simultaneous detection of galantamine, dopamine, and uric acid

Abstract

A sensitive and selective electrochemical sensor was developed based on gold nanoparticles/cobalt oxide (Au NPs/Co3O4) modified screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) for the simultaneous detection of galantamine (Gal), dopamine (DA), and uric acid (UA). The combined effect of Au NPs and Co3O4 significantly enhanced the electroactive surface area and facilitated electron transfer, enabling well-resolved oxidation signals for the three analytes. Under optimized conditions, the sensor exhibited linear response ranges of 2.0-100.0 & micro;M for Gal, 0.01-33.0 & micro;M for DA, and 0.5-75.0 & micro;M for UA, with low detection limits of 3.97 & micro;M, 0.51 & micro;M, and 1.51 & micro;M, respectively. The sensor demonstrated good sensitivity, selectivity, and reproducibility, along with rapid response and low-cost fabrication. Its practical applicability was successfully validated through the analysis of artificial human serum samples, showing reliable performance in complex matrices. These findings support the applicability of the proposed platform for simultaneous analysis of therapeutically and biologically relevant analytes in complex sample matrices.