Browsing by Author "Franco, Octavio L."

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    Antimicrobial peptides from Bombyx mori: a splendid immune defense response in silkworms
    (ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY, 2020-01-01) Nesa, Jannatun; Sadat, Abdul; Buccini, Danieli F.; Kati, Ahmet; Mandal, Amit K.; Franco, Octavio L.
    Bombyx mori L., a primary producer of silk, is the main tool in the sericulture industry and provides the means of livelihood to a large number of people. Silk cocoon crop losses due to bacterial infection pose a major threat to the sericulture industry. Bombyx mori L., a silkworm of the mulberry type, has a sophisticated inherent innate immune mechanism to combat such invasive pathogens. Among all the components in this defense system, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are notable due to their specificity towards the invading pathogens without harming the normal host cells. Bombyx mori L. so far has had AMPs identified that belong to six different families, namely cecropin, defensin, moricin, gloverin, attacin and lebocin, which are produced by the Toll and immune deficiency (IMD) pathways. Their diverse modes of action depend on microbial pathogens and are still under investigation. This review examines the recent progress in understanding the immune defense mechanism of Bombyx mori based on AMPs.
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    Bio-molecule functionalized rapid one-pot green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their efficacy toward the multidrug resistant (MDR) gut bacteria of silkworms (Bombyx mori)
    (ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY, 2020-01-01) Some, Sudip; Sarkar, Biraj; Biswas, Kinkar; Jana, Tushar Kanti; Bhattacharjya, Debjoy; Dam, Paulami; Mondal, Rittick; Kumar, Anoop; Deb, Apurba Kanti; Sadat, Abdul; Saha, Soumen; Kati, Ahmet; Ocsoy, Ismail; Franco, Octavio L.; Mandal, Amitava; Mandal, Sukhendu; Mandal, Amit Kumar; Ince, Ikbal Agah
    The present study aimed to synthesise bio-molecule functionalized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using leaf extract from mulberry variety S-1635 (Morus albaL.) and to explore its antibacterial efficacy against multidrug resistant (MDR) gut bacteria isolated from natural infection observed from silkworm larvae in rearing conditions. AgNPs formation was established by surface plasmon resonance at 480 nm. The crystallinity of the synthesised AgNPs was checked by HR-TEM and XRD analysis. SEM and TEM characterisation further exhibited the spherical, monodispersed, well scattered nature of the AgNPs with an average particle size of 11.8 nm +/- 2.8. The presence of (111), (200), (220) and (311) planes in Bragg's reflections confirmed the face-cantered-cubic crystalline silver. EDX analysis confirmed the presence of elemental silver. FT-IR spectra revealed functional groups were responsible for the reduction of silver ions. The zeta potential value of -17.3 mV and -25.6 mV was recorded in MH and DMEM/F-12 media, respectively. The LC-QTOF/MS and HRMS spectra disclosed the presence of bioactive compounds like flavonoid, gallic acid, and stigmasterol, which are probably involved in the reduction and functionalization of AgNPs. The antibacterial efficacy of bio-molecule functionalized AgNPs and the naked AgNPs was tested on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria isolated from silkworms and characterized by using 16S rDNA andgyrBgenes. The cytotoxicity of AgNPs was tested on WRL-68, HEK-293, ACHN, and HUH-7 cell lines using MTT assay. This study provides an insight into the application of bio-molecule functionalized AgNPs for combating various silkworm pathogens which severely affect the agro-rural economy of developing countries.
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    Effect of feed supplementation with biosynthesized silver nanoparticles using leaf extract of Morus indica L. V1 on Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)
    (NATURE PORTFOLIO, 2019-01-01) Some, Sudip; Bulut, Onur; Biswas, Kinkar; Kumar, Anoop; Roy, Anupam; Sen, Ipsita Kumar; Mandal, Amitava; Franco, Octavio L.; Ince, Ikbal Agah; Neog, Kartik; Das, Sandip; Pradhan, Sayantan; Dutta, Subhadeep; Bhattacharjya, Debjoy; Saha, Soumen; Das Mohapatra, Pradeep K.; Bhuimali, Anil; Unni, B. G.; Kati, Ahmet; Mandal, Amit Kumar; Yilmaz, M. Deniz; Ocsoy, Ismail
    Herein, we report the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by a green route using the aqueous leaf extract of Morus indica L. V1. The synthesized AgNPs exhibited maximum UV-Vis absorbance at 460 nm due to surface plasmon resonance. The average diameter (similar to 54 nm) of AgNPs was measured from HR-TEM analysis. EDX spectra also supported the formation of AgNPs, and negative zeta potential value (-14 mV) suggested its stability. Moreover, a shift in the carbonyl stretching (from 1639 cm(-1) to 1630 cm(-1)) was noted in the FT-IR spectra of leaf extract after AgNPs synthesis which confirm the role of natural products present in leaves for the conversion of silver ions to AgNPs. The four bright circular rings (111), (200), (220) and (311) observed in the selected area electron diffraction pattern are the characteristic reflections of face centered cubic crystalline silver. LC-MS/MS study revealed the presence of phytochemicals in the leaf extract which is responsible for the reduction of silver ions. MTT assay was performed to investigate the cytotoxicity of AgNPs against two human cell lines, namely HepG2 and WRL-68. The antibacterial study revealed that MIC value of the synthesized AgNPs was 80 mu g/ml against Escherichia coli K12 and Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 96). Finally, the synthesized AgNPs at 10 mu g/ml dosages showed beneficial effects on the survivability, body weights of the Bombyx mori L. larvae, pupae, cocoons and shells weights via enhancing the feed efficacy.