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    Effects of Parental Attitudes Among a Group of High School Students in Istanbul
    (AVES, 2015-01-01) Yavuz, Burcu Goksan; Yeser, Ilke; Karamustafalioglu, Oguz; Bakim, Bahadir; Gundogar, Aliye
    Introduction: Current study aimed to investigate the possible relations between parental attitudes and depression in a sample of mid-pubertal, high-school students under the light of several sociodemographic variables. Methods: With the permission of Ministry of National Education, a total of 391 students from second and third grades in a state high school and occupational high school in Sisli area included in the study. Sociodemographic Questionnaire, The Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were administered. Results: Among the students in the sample, 25.6\% (n=100) had significantly higher depression scores and girls had significanltly higher mean BDI scores than boys (p=0.001) reflecting the presence of depression. Adolescents with depression also had higher scores of maternal protection than adolescents without depression (p=0.02). On the other hand, adolescents with depression had lower scores of both maternal and paternal interest than adolescents without depression (p=0.02 and p=0.03, respectively). We also found that boys had higher levels of nicotine - alcohol and substance abuse where girls had higher levels for suicidal attempts and self harming behaviors (p<0.05). Conclusion: Depression onset was found to be associated with parental attitude which does not promote autonomy and independency. Warm, accepting and concerned parental attitude that promotes secure attachment was found to be protective against depression. Parental attitudes must be of concern when working with adolescents and dealing with the problems seen in this vulnerable phase of the life.
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    Prevalence of Lifetime Tobacco, Alcohol and Drug Use Among 10th Grade Students in Istanbul
    (KURE ILETISIM GRUBU A S, 2014-01-01) Evren, Cuneyt; Ogel, Kultegin; Demirci, Arzu Ciftci; Evren, Bilge; Yavuz, Burcu Goksan; Bozkurt, Muge
    Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of lifetime tobacco, alcohol and drug use among 10th grade students in Istanbul, Turkey. Method: A cross-sectional online self-report survey was conducted in 45 schools from 15 districts in Istanbul. The questionnaire included sections about demographic data, substance use in family or in environment, school life, social contacts and use of substances including tobacco, hookah, alcohol, marijuana, volatiles, heroin, cocaine, non-prescribed legal tranquillizers (benzodiazepines, alprazolam etc.) and illegal tranquillizers (flunitrazepam). The analyses were conducted based on 4957 subjects. Results: A trial at least once in life is observed mostly in hookah use (45.4\%), followed by alcohol (34.2\%), cigarettes (24.4\%), volatile substances (4.9\%), benzodiazepines (3.8\%), marijuana (2.9\%), cocaine (0.6\%) and heroin (0.4\%), respectively. The risk of heroin, ecstasy or marijuana use was significantly higher among male students. Our data also show that using tobacco or alcohol increases the risk of use of all other substances. Conclusion: We believe that determining current substance use data in Istanbul, which has a heterogeneous structure and a population of 15 million, is very important. Nevertheless, it is obvious that a study covering different geographical regions of Turkey is also necessary.