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Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11443/932

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Anatomy

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    The triangle between the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments: an arthroscopic anatomy study
    (TURKISH ASSOC ORTHOPAEDICS TRAUMATOLOGY, 2015-01-01) Kaya, Alper; Koken, Murat; Akan, Burak; Karaguven, Doga; Guclu, Berk
    Objective: The goal of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is to place the graft in closest proximity to the native ACL anatomy. This study aims to examine the angular relation between intact anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments (PCL) from an arthroscopic perspective. Methods: Forty patients (20 male, 20 female) with a mean age of 35.12 (range: 18-40) years that underwent knee arthroscopy for reasons other than ACL rupture were included in the study. Following diagnostic examination and repair of the primary pathology, the triangle between ACL and PCL was seen at different flexion degrees of the knee joint (120, 90, 60, and 30 degrees) through standard anterolateral (AL) and anteromedial (AM) portals. The narrow top angle of the triangle between the long intersecting axes of ACL and PCL was measured using recorded images by 3 blind observers. Results: The average ACL-PCL angle was 61 degrees, (standard deviation +/- 2 degrees) at 90 degrees of knee flexion. The angles were narrower when viewed through the AM portal. The degree of the angles was not affected by age, sex, body mass index (BMI), or the side (right or left) on which the procedure was performed. There was good-to-excellent intra-and interobserver reliability. Conclusion: The angular relation between intact ACL and PCL has the potential to provide a better view of the anatomy during arthroscopic ACL surgery. To perform better anatomic reconstructions, it is important to create a 60 degrees angle between the ACL graft and PCL (as viewed through AL portal) at 90 degrees of knee flexion.
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    Tracheal Length in Adult Human: The Results of 100 Autopsies
    (SOC CHILENA ANATOMIA, 2016-01-01) Cinar, Ugur; Halezeroglu, Semih; Okur, Erdal; Inanici, Mehmet Akif; Kayaoglu, Semra
    The purpose of this study was to investigate the average tracheal length and number of the tracheal cartilages in Turkish people, with emphasis on the relationships to body height and sex. A hundred fresh human cadaver tracheas were harvested from 75 males and 25 females. Age, sex and body height of cadavers were recorded. All the neck and intrathoracic structures were removed. The tracheal length was measured between the subcricoid level to the carina in resting and maximally stretched positions. Average tracheal length and number of the tracheal cartilages were compared in different body height groups in both sexes. We found that average body height was 160 +/- 6.4 cm and average tracheal length in resting position was 8.5 +/- 1 cm (range 6.5-11 cm) in females and average body height was 168.6 +/- 5.6 cm, average tracheal length was 8.7 +/- 1.1 cm (range 7-11.6 cm) in males, average number of tracheal cartilages was 13.6 +/- 1.7 (range 10-16) in females and 13.3 +/- 1.6 (range 10-19) in males and average number of the tracheal cartilages per centimeter was 1.6 +/- 0.2 in female and 1.5 +/- 0.2 in male cadavers in resting position. Average tracheal length in male group was found to be significantly different in cadavers with body height equal or taller than 170 cm in comparison to cadavers with body height shorter than 170 cm (p <0.05). This study revealed that the average tracheal length in Turkish people is shorter than the reported length in literature. It is worth commenting that there is a considerable difference between the different races with regard to tracheal length. Tracheal length may vary with body height.