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Subject: search.filters.subject.Apoptosis

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    Prognostic role of sensitive-to-apoptosis gene expression in rectal cancer
    (BAISHIDENG PUBL GRP CO LTD, 2011-01-01) Ozden, Sevgi A.; Ozyurt, Hazan; Ozgen, Zerrin; Kilinc, Olca; Oncel, Mustafa; Gul, Aylin E.; Karadayi, Nimet; Serakinci, Nedime; Kan, Beki; Orun, Oya
    AIM: To investigate the association between prognosis of rectal cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and expression of sensitive-to-apoptosis (SAG), B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-XL) and Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer (Bak). METHODS: Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the expression of proteins of interest, namely SAG, Bcl-XL, Bak and beta-actin, in rectal carcinoma patients who had a follow-up period of 3 years after CRT. Biopsy specimens were excised from the rectal tumor preceding CRT. RESULTS: SAG, Bcl-XL and Bak proteins showed significant correlations with each other. In multivariate analysis, patients with high vs low SAG expression showed a statistically significant difference in 2-year survival rates: 56\% vs 73\%, respectively (P = 0.056). On the other hand, there were no significant correlations between the expression levels of all three genes and metastatic rates or tumor responses to CRT. Mean overall survival in the patients with elevated SAG expression was 27.1 mo +/- 3.9 mo {[}95\% confidence interval (CI): 19.3-34.9], and in patients with reduced expression, it was 32.1 mo +/- 2.5 mo (95\% CI: 27.3-36.9). The corresponding values for Bcl-XL were 28.0 mo +/- 4.1 mo (95\% CI: 19.9-36.1) and 31.7 mo +/- 2.9 mo (95\% CI: 26.0-37.5), and those for Bak were 29.8 mo +/- 3.7 mo (95\% CI: 22.5-37.2) and 30.6 mo +/- 2.4 mo (95\% CI: 25.5-35.0), respectively. CONCLUSION: Two-year survival rates significantly correlated with low SAG expression, and SAG may be a candidate gene for good prognosis, independent of therapeutic response of different individuals. (C) 2011 Baishideng. All rights reserved.
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    The Effect of Quetiapine on Treatment of Experimental Acute Spinal Cord Injury
    (TURKISH NEUROSURGICAL SOC, 2018-01-01) Aytar, Murat Hamit; Civi, Soner; Kaymaz, Memduh; Ergun, Ertan; Kaymaz, Fevziye Figen; Pasaoglu, Aydin
    AIM: It is well known that treatment modalities against secondary damage due to spinal cord injury (SCI) are very important. This phase has been researched in many experimental studies. Apoptosis is one of the major mechanisms of secondary damage on spinal cord. The present study was undertaken to determine if quetiapine, a 5-HT2 receptor blocker atypical antipsychotic agent can rescue neuronal cells from apoptosis in a SCI model. MATERIAL and METHODS: Thirty-two female Wistar rats were separated to 4 equal groups. Total laminectomy was performed at T5-7 level and spinal cord injury was produced by using the clip compression technique. Each rat from groups ``1 day{''} (D-I) and ``7 days{''} (D-II) was daily injected intraperitoneally with Quetiapine (10 mg/kg/day). No treatment was administered to the control groups ``1 day{''} (K-I) and ``7 days{''} (K-II). At the end of follow-up periods, all animals were sacrificed and spinal cords were removed. Apoptotic cells were evaluated by using immunohistochemical technique (TUNEL) in injured spinal cord specimens. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference while counting ApopTag positive cells, both at 1 day groups of K-I and D-I (p=0.00000008) and at 7 day groups of K-II and D-II (p=0.000005). Unlike the 1-day period, a statistically significant difference was found between grey and white matter ApopTag positive cells at the 7th day (p=0.0001). CONCLUSION: Quetiapine has a protective effect on secondary damage caused by SCI, while also can be used in post-traumatic stress disorder, depression and agitation as a versatile agent.
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    Survival by self-destruction: A role for autophagy in the placenta?
    (W B SAUNDERS CO LTD, 2012-01-01) Bildirici, I.; Longtine, M. S.; Chen, B.; Nelson, D. M.
    Autophagy is a burgeoning area of research from yeast to humans. Although previously described as a death pathway, autophagy is now considered an important survival phenomenon in response to environmental stressors to which most organs are exposed. Despite an ever expanding literature in non-placental cells, studies of autophagy in the placenta are lagging. We review the regulation of autophagy, summarize available placental studies of autophagy, and highlight potential areas for future research. We believe that such studies will yield novel insights into how placentas protect the survival of the species by ``self-eating{''}. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.