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Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11443/932

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    COVID-19 vaccine candidates and vaccine development platforms available worldwide
    (ELSEVIER, 2021-01-01) Duman, Nilgun; ALzaidi, Zahraa; Aynekin, Busra; Taskin, Duygu; Demirors, Busra; Yildirim, Abdulbaki; Sahin, Izem Olcay; Bilgili, Faik; Turanli, Eda Tahir; Beccari, Tommaso; Bertelli, Matteo; Dundar, Munis
    The pandemic caused by the worldwide spread of the coronavirus, which first appeared in 2019, has been named coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). More than 4.5 million deaths have been recorded due to the pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), according to the World Health Organization. COVID-19 Dashboard in September 2021. Apart from the wildtype, other variations have been successfully transmitted early in the outbreak although they were not discovered until March 2020. Modifications in the SARS-CoV-2 genetic material, such as mutation and recombi-nation, have the ability to modify the viral life span, along with transitivity, cellular tropism, and symptom severity. Several processes are involved in introducing novel vaccines to the population, including vaccine manufacturing, preclinical studies, Food and Drug Administration permission or cer-tification, processing, and marketing. COVID-19 vaccine candidates have been developed by a number of public and private groups employing a variety of strategies, such as RNA, DNA, protein, and viral vectored vaccines. This comprehensive review, which included the most subsequent evidence on unique features of SARS-CoV-2 and the associated morbidity and mortality, was carried out using a systematic search of recent online databases in order to generate useful knowledge about the COVID-19 updated versions and their consequences on the disease symptoms and vaccine development. (c) 2021 Xi'an Jiaotong University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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    Variant analysis of SARS-CoV-2 strains with phylogenetic analysis and the Coronavirus Antiviral and Resistance Database
    (FUTURE MEDICINE LTD, 2021-01-01) Sayan, Murat; Arikan, Ayse; Isbilen, Murat
    Aims: This study determined SARS-CoV-2 variations by phylogenetic and virtual phenotyping analyses. Materials \& methods: Strains isolated from 143 COVID-19 cases in Turkey in April 2021 were assessed. Illumina NexteraXT library preparation kits were processed for next-generation ]sequencing. Phylogenetic (neighbor-joining method) and virtual phenotyping analyses (Coronavirus Antiviral and Resistance Database {[}CoV-RDB] by Stanford University) were used for variant analysis. Results: B.1.1.7-1/2 (n = 103, 72\%), B.1.351 (n = 5, 3\%) and B.1.525 (n = 1, 1\%) were identified among 109 SARS-CoV-2 variations by phylogenetic analysis and B.1.1.7 (n = 95, 66\%), B.1.351 (n = 5, 4\%), B.1.617 (n = 4, 3\%), B.1.525 (n = 2, 1.4\%), B.1.526-1 (n = 1, 0.6\%) and missense mutations (n = 15, 10\%) were reported by CoV-RDB. The two methods were 85\% compatible and B.1.1.7 (alpha) was the most frequent SARS-CoV-2 variation in Turkey in April 2021. Conclusion: The Stanford CoV-RDB analysis method appears useful for SARS-CoV-2 lineage surveillance.