Araştırma Çıktıları

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Author: search.filters.author.Bakirci, NadiSubject: search.filters.subject.Turkey

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    The state of ethics education at medical schools in Turkey: taking stock and looking forward
    (BMC, 2020-01-01) Kavas, Mustafa Volkan; Ulman, Yesim Isil; Demir, Figen; Artvinli, Fatih; Sahiner, Melike; Demiroren, Meral; Senyurek, Gamze; Pakis, Isil; Bakirci, Nadi
    Background Ethics teaching is globally considered an essential part of medical education fostering professionalism. It does not only provide knowledge for good clinical conduct, but also trains medical students as virtuous practitioners. Although Turkey has had a considerable experience in ethics education of healthcare professionals, the general state of ethics curricula at medical schools in Turkey is unknown. Methods The purpose of this study was to collect comprehensive data about the ethics education programs at medical schools in Turkey. To this aim, we designed a cross-sectional descriptive questionnaire survey which focuses on the content, teaching years, teaching, assessment and evaluation methodologies, workforce and infrastructure. We delivered the questionnaire to all medical schools in Turkey. Seventy-nine medical schools participated in this study (response rate: 78\%). Results Although most institutions had an undergraduate ethics curriculum (91.1\%), the findings suggest deficiency of teaching personnel (34.2\% had no instructors). Furthermore, the distribution and composition of the workforce was imbalanced. The content varies largely among institutions. Medical schools with an ethics department were more likely to diversify teaching topics. However, ethics education was largely based on the four-principle approach. The content was usually conveyed to students theoretically. Around 90\% of schools had classroom lectures. It is the only method used at one-third of them. Clinical ethics education was mostly lacking. Multiple-choice tests were widely used to assess and evaluate student attainments (86.1\%). Conclusions Staff qualified to teach ethics and ethics education integrated into the six-year medical curriculum given by a multidisciplinary team are urgent necessities. Considering teaching, assessment and evaluation methodologies used, most medical schools seem to fall short of fostering students to develop ethical attitudes. Endeavors aiming for modern topics should be encouraged. As the organization ethics education change continuously, we think that a platform for monitoring ethics education at medical schools in Turkey should be established. Such a body would help ethics instructors to network and find solutions to current problems and build shared wisdom.
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    Biomass smoke exposure as a serious health hazard for women
    (TURKISH ASSOC TUBERCULOSIS \& THORAX, 2013-01-01) Babalik, Aylin; Bakirci, Nadi; Taylan, Mahsuk; Bostan, Leyla; Kiziltas, Sule; Basbug, Yelda; Calisir, Haluk C.
    Introduction: Lung diseases caused by biomass exposure cause a significant health hazard particularly amongst women. The present study was designed to investigate biomass exposure in women suffering from lung disease. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 women {[} mean (SD) age: 55.13 (17.65) years] hospitalized for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, bronchiectasis, tuberculosis or interstitial lung disease were included in this study conducted between September 2008-March 2009 in three chest disease clinics at Sureyyapasa Chest Diseases and Chest Surgery Training and Research Hospital. Data collection on biomass exposure was based on application of hospital-based survey questionnaire including items on occupation, level of education, place of birth (location, region), exposure to biomass fuel fumes for heating and cooking purposes (animal dung, wood, charcoal, dried plant) and years of exposure with animal dung, wood, charcoal, dried plant. Results: COPD in 22\% patients, lung carcinoma in 12\%, bronchitis in 8\%, tuberculosis in 26\%, and interstitial lung disease in 17\% were the diagnosis for hospitalization. The most identified occupation was housewifery 86\%. Active, former and nonsmokers composed 6\%, 22\% and 72\% of the population. Birth place was village in 67\% patients while districts in 9\%. According to regional distribution, the most common place of birth was Central Anatolia region in (29\%). Exposure to biomass fuels was identified in all of patients including wood (92\%), animal dung (30\%), charcoal (23\%), and dry plant (23\%). Mean (SD) years of exposure was identified to be 52.6 (17.9) years for wood, 40.8 (17.9) years for animal dung, 48.1 (20.8) years for dry plant and 38.5 (21.4) years for charcoal. The most common type of biomass exposure was wood in village (97\%), city (79\%) and county (89\%). Conclusion: Findings indicating impact of biomass exposure in women seem to emphasize the need for analytic epidemiologic studies assessment measuring biomass exposure levels-particularly for women and young children.