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    Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Melatonin in Rats with Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    (MDPI, 2022-01-01) Yapislar, Hande; Haciosmanoglu, Ebru; Sarioglu, Turkan; Degirmencioglu, Sevgin; Sogut, Ibrahim; Poteser, Michael; Ekmekcioglu, Cem
    Introduction: Insulin resistance is associated with a pro-inflammatory state increasing the risk for complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In addition to its chronobiotic effects, the pineal hormone melatonin is known to exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Melatonin was also suggested to affect insulin secretion. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the effect of melatonin on inflammation in diabetic rats and to study the possible involvement of the melatonin receptor, MT2. Materials and Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n = 10 per group): (1) control, (2) streptozotocin/nicotinamide induced diabetes type 2 (T2DM), (3) T2DM treated with melatonin (500 mu g/kg/day), and (4) T2DM treated with melatonin (500 mu g/kg/day for 6 weeks) and the selective MT2 receptor antagonist luzindole (0.25 g/kg/day for 6 weeks). Blood samples were taken for biochemical parameters and various tissue samples (liver, adipose tissue, brain) were removed for immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot (WB), and Q-PCR analyses, respectively. Results: Melatonin significantly reduced increased blood levels of liver transaminases (AST, ALT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), triglyceride, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and cholesterol in diabetic rats with luzindole treatment partly reversing this effect regarding the lipids. Furthermore, the liver and adipose tissues of T2DM rats treated with melatonin showed lower expression of the inflammatory markers IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and NF-kappa B as compared to the T2DM group without melatonin. The results also showed that the MT2 receptor is at least partly involved in the protective effects of melatonin. Conclusions: Our results suggest that melatonin exerts relevant anti-inflammatory effects on various tissues in type 2 diabetic rats.
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    Melatonin prevents deterioration of erectile function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats via sirtuin-1 expression
    (WILEY, 2020-01-01) Sahan, Ahmet; Akbal, Cem; Tavukcu, Hasan Huseyin; Cevik, Ozge; Cetinel, Sule; Sekerci, Cagri Akin; Sener, Tarik Emre; Sener, Goksel; Tanidir, Yiloren
    A review of the literature indicated that sirtuin-1 expression, a regulator of nitric oxide bioavailability in erectile dysfunction (ED) after melatonin therapy, has not yet been investigated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of melatonin for erectile function with sirtuin-1 protein expression in type 1 diabetic rat models. Fifty male Sprague Dawley rats were placed into five groups. Except for those in the control group (C), each animal received a single dose (60 mg/kg) of streptozotocin to induce diabetes. The animals were placed into the diabetes (D) group, insulin (I) group (6 U/kg/day), melatonin (Mel) group (10 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) and combined treatment (I + Mel) group. Ten weeks later, the serum testosterone levels, intracavernosal pressure (ICP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), malondialdehyde (MDA), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (c-GMP), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), caspase-3 activity, sirtuin-1 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein expression and histological findings were assessed. The mean ICP/MAP ratio for the D group was lower than the mean ratios for the other groups. The treatment groups, particularly the I + Mel group, exhibited lower 8-OHdG and MDA levels and caspase-3 activity than the D group. The sirtuin-1 and eNOS expression and cavernosal tissue (CT) histology seemed to have been preserved by the melatonin and/or insulin therapy. These results were indicative of a profound protective effect of melatonin by the activation of sirtuin-1 protein expression against hyperglycemia-induced oxidative CT injury.
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    Melatonin Related Acneiform Lesions: A Case Report and Potential Mechanism
    (AVES, 2021-01-01) Sancak, Baris; Ozdemir, Zeynep; Ozcan, Ozan; Acar, Erkan
    Melatonin (MLT) is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland according to the circadian rhythm, which is generated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus. The sleep-promoting effect of exogenous MLT is used to treat steep disorders. The most common side effects reported are headache, somnolence, palpitations, and abdominal pain. Some studies showed dermatological side effects with the use of exogenous MLT, but did not list the specific symptoms. In this article, we describe a case of facial acne occurring after the use of MLT, which is generally known to have protective and healing effects on the skin, and the potential mechanism of this surprising side effect.