A rapid, ultrasensitive voltammetric biosensor for determining SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in real samples

dc.contributor.authorLiv, Lokman
dc.contributor.authorCoban, Gizem
dc.contributor.authorNakiboglu, Nuri
dc.contributor.authorKocagoz, Tanil
dc.date.accessioned2023-02-21T12:35:50Z
dc.date.available2023-02-21T12:35:50Z
dc.date.issued2021-01-01
dc.description.abstractThe ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to threaten public health systems all around the world. In controlling the viral outbreak, early diagnosis of COVID-19 is pivotal. This article describes a novel method of voltammetrically determining severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein with a newly designed sensor involving bovine serum albumin, SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody and a functionalised graphene oxide modified glassy carbon electrode (BSA/AB/f-GO/GCE) or screen-printed electrode (BSA/AB/f-GO/SPE). The oxidation reaction based on the antibody-antigen protein interaction was evaluated as a response to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein at -200 mV and 1430 mV with the BSA/AB/f-GO/SPE and BSA/AB/fGO/GCE, respectively. The developed sensors, BSA/AB/f-GO/SPE and BSA/AB/f-GO/GCE, could detect 1 ag/mL of virus spike protein in synthetic, saliva and oropharyngeal swab samples in 5 min and 35 min, and both sensors demonstrated a dynamic response to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein between 1 ag/mL and 10 fg/mL. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), rapid antigen test and the proposed method were applied to saliva samples. When compared to RT-PCR, it was observed that the developed method had a 92.5\% specificity and 93.3\% sensitivity. Moreover, BSA/AB/f-GO/SPE sensor achieved 91.7\% accuracy compared to 66.7\% accuracy of rapid antigen test kit in positive samples. In view of these findings, the developed sensor provides great potential for the diagnosing of COVID-19 in real samples.
dc.description.issueNOV 15
dc.description.volume192
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.bios.2021.113497
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11443/2004
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2021.113497
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000703541600008
dc.publisherELSEVIER ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
dc.relation.ispartofBIOSENSORS \& BIOELECTRONICS
dc.subjectElectrochemical biosensor
dc.subjectCoronavirus
dc.subjectSARS-CoV-2 spike protein
dc.subjectViral detection
dc.subjectCOVID-19
dc.subjectVoltammetry
dc.titleA rapid, ultrasensitive voltammetric biosensor for determining SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in real samples
dc.typeArticle

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